Method and apparatus for the formation of bags and the like



Nov. 15, 1938. A. o. DALLER- METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OFBAGS AND THE LIKE Filed 001;. 28, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet l NN v FRNINVENTOR 4M 0. 10m

BY J Nov. 15, 1938. A. o. bA LER 2,136,990

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THEFCRMATION OF BAGS AND THE LIKE Filed Oct.28, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR A NEYS Nov. 15, 1938. A. o. DALLERMETHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF BAGS AND THE LIKE Filed Oct.28, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVE NTOR & M

1:. AT NEY5 Nov. 15, 1938. I A. o. DALLER METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THEFORMATION OF BAGS AND THE LIKE 6 sheets-sheet 4 Filed Oct. 28. 1936 vINVENTOR M 0? My ATTO A. o. DALLER 2,136,990 METHOD AND APPARATUS FORTHE FORMATION OF BAGS AND THE LIKE Nov. 15, 1933.

6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed 001;. 28, 1936 ATT RNEYJ Nov. 15, 1938. N A. o.DALLER 2,135,990

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR 'THE FORMATION OF BAGS AND THE LIKE 6Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Oct. 28, 1936 m T N E V m Patented Nov. 15, 1938 QMETHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE FOR- MATION OF BAGS AND THE LIKE Adrian 0.Daller, Upper Darby, Pa., assignor to Utility Packages, Inc., New York,N. Y., a corporation of New York Application October 28,1936, Serial No.107,956

23 Claims.

This invention relates to methods and apparatus for the formation ofbags and to correlated inventions and discoveries whereby andwherewiththe same may be enhanced.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending applicationSerial No. 6

which became Patent No. 2,072,421.

In general, it is an object of the invention to provide methods andapparatus whereby various of the steps involved in the formation of alined package may be carried out with effectiveness and efllciency.

Another object is the provision of an improved method forforming cartonliners and other types of bags.

Another object is the provision of an improved method for the sealing ofthe sides or other parts of the bags before they are finally sealed soas to become packages.

Another object is the provision of improved apparatus for the formationof carton liners and other bags.

Another object is the provision of improved ap paratus for the sealingof the sides or other parts of the bags before they are finally sealedso as to become packages. v A further object is the'provision of amethod and apparatus for the efilcient and effective sealing of linersand other bags formed of wax paper and the like before the same shallhave become packages.

Another object is the provision of a method and apparatus for preparingthe liner or other bag so that the liner or bag may thereafter be sealedinto a package.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in partappear hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relationand order of one or more ,of such steps with respect to each of theothers, and the apparatus embodying features of construction,combinations of,elements and arrangement of parts which are adapted toeffect such steps, all as exemplified in the following detaileddisclosure, and the scopeof the application of which will be indicatedin the claims.

For a -fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention,reference should be had to the following detailed description taken inconnection with .the accompanying drawings, in

which:

Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, side and plan views of bag-formingapparatus embodying the invention, with certain of the conventionalparts omitted, and illustrate one manner in which steps embodying theinvention may be performed;

Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating a modified form of plunger andamodified form of sealing means;

Fig. 4 illustrates another modified form of such a mechanism;

Fig.5 is a diagrammatic showing of various of the steps involved in theformation of a bag by the use of the apparatus and methods illustratedin Figs. 1 to 5.. I Fig. 6 is a side view of a modified form ofbagforming mechanism, certain of the conventional parts being omitted,and illustrating a manner in which a modified method may, be carriedout;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line 1--1 of Fig. 6; 1

Fig. 8 is a view similar to the first part of Fig. 4 showing the stepsof constructing a bag by the method and apparatus illustrated in Figs. 6and r Fig. 9 is a side view of a modification of the apparatus shown inFig. 1; 1 f

Fig. 10 is a section, in perspective, of a web which has passed throughthe apparatus shown in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the adhesiveapplying rollers andpressure roller shown in hesive onto both surfaces of the web ofmaterial passing therethrough;

Figs. 14 and 15 are perspective views of the adhesive-applying rollersshown in Figs. 12 and 13' Fig. 16 is a section, in perspective, of a webwhich has passed through the apparatus shown in Figs. 12 and 1 Fig. 17is a perspective view of a sheet cut from a web which has passed throughthe apparatus shown in Figs. 12 and 13 and of a similar sheet which hasundergone the first folding step;

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic showing of various positions assumed by asheet during its formation into a bag by the use of the apparatus andmethods illustrated in Figs. 13-17; and

' Fig. 19 is a perspective view of a modified form of web which might beproduced by certain rollers in the device shown in Fig. 9 and of variouspositions assumed by a sheetfrom that web during the formation of saidsheet into a bag.

In the formation of bags, lined cartons, etc., it

is of importance that a high degree of 'efilciency of operation beobtained. It is also of importance in the formation of many types ofpackages that the goods be effectively sealed. One of the main purposesof such sealing in many cases is to prevent the entrance of moisture toa point within the package where it will affect the goods. Water-proofsheet material, .such, for instance, as waxed paper, and paper coated orimpregnated with other moisture-proofing materials, is used to a largeextent in such packaging operations, particularly as liners for cartons.,For

The attainment of a sufficiently high degree of moisture-proofing incommercial operations to protect effectively the goods is, however,amatter of considerable diillculty and resort is often had in additionaland otherwise unnecessary layers of moisture-proofing material on theoutside of the carton. Other purposes of such sealing is to rendercarton liners or other bags sift-proof, grease-proof, stain-proof, etc.,since it is of importance in many cases that the goods beretainedsecurely in the bag and that the outer surface of the package benot discolored or otherwise adversely affected. For instance, asift-proof bag is of advantage for holding flour, and a siftandstain-proof liner containing coifee will prevent the discolora ion ofthe carton.

A feature of the present invention resides in the provision of methodsand means whereby carton liners and'other bags, which have beeneffectively sealed in part and which may be specially prepared to besealed completely into packages, may be readily provided, and theinvention permits the provision of bags of many types and for a widevariety of uses. An additional feature of the invention resides in theprovision of particularly eflicient modes of operation and 'mechanismsfor the formation, at least in part, of bags, lined cartons and otherpackages, and various other features will be apparent from the followingdescription.

In accordance with the invention, one or more stripes of adhesive maybe, applied to a web of paper or other material in such positions that,when out and formed into bag shape, a stripe of dry adhesivewill beprovided at the top of the bag, adhesive being applied at otherpositions desirable for the formation of the bag as desired. Afterfilling, the bag may be sealed by means of a dry adhesive. It iscontemplated that the bag formed in accordance with the presentinvention may have its top pointed and sealed by a straight lineoperation, which forms creases only at the ends of the bag. If the sheetmaterial and adhesive used are of such nature that they do not sealreadily, it is of importance that the dried adhesive extend about allthe contacting inner surfaces of the bag, although this is not essentialin other cases.

Where the side or other seams are secured along the contacting innersurfaces thereof by dry adhesive, there are certain advantages not onlyin the final closing of the seams, but also in the manipulation-of theweb or sheet while or after the adhesive is first being applied. As soonas the adhesive has been or has dried, the web or sheets may be passedover rollers with the adhesive side or sides against various rollers inaccordance with the particular type of feeding or folding machine used.

As will be apparent, the adhesive may be applied to sheets aftercutting, or may be applied in whole or in part to a web or sheet at apoint remote from the bag-forming mechanism, as at a paper manufacturingplant, if desired, and may in. all events be applied in any of a varietyof positions and the bag formed in any'of a variety of ways.

Thus, the adhesive may be applied in stripes.

transversely or longitudinally on one or more sides of the web or sheet.The extended application, i. e., stripe, may be of any width and, assaid before, certain of the stripes may be of adhesive which seals toitself when dry and certain others may be of adhesive which does not. Asabove indicated, the formation of bags from sheets of waxed paper may bereadily carried out in accordance with the invention.

It is to be understood that in the broader aspects of the invention, anyof a wide variety of sealing means may be utilized and that in theformation of lined cartons, a wide variety of mechanisms and steps maybe utilized in effecting the operation.

In Figs. 1 and 2, there is illustrated a form of procedure and apparatuswhereby lined cartons may be efficiently and effectively formed inaccordance with the invention.

In the illustrated construction, the moving parts may be driven fromsuitable power means, such as an electric motor, not shown, and suitablyinterconnected, as by gearing. Various operating parts andinterconnecting mechanisms, which may be of types well known in the art,are omitted in order to avoid prolixity.

A pair of rolls l0 and II serve to draw a web I2 from a roll i3 over theroller l4 and under glue-applying rolls l5 and I6, whereby a wetadhesive, suitably supplied as from one or more glue troughs I1, isapplied to the edges of the web to form stripes l8 and I9 Rollers Ilaextend into troughs i1 and carry adhesive from them to rollers l5 andi6. Beyond the rolls [5 and I6 and underneath the web, there is provideda suitably formed member which may be a plate 20 heatedthroughout or atits ends to dry the wet adhesive. Means for drying adhesive may bepositioned in the device wherever it is desired 1 to dry, on the web,adhesive which has previously been applied to the web. Where the web haswax over most of the surface, it is advisable toheat only those portionsof a plate 20 over which a longitudinal stripe of adhesive is to bedried, e. g., the side ends in Fig. 2. Where there is little or nocoating, like wax, which might be harmed by passing through, or over, orunder a heated zone, the forward or rearward end or the entire plate 20may be heated andused to dry the areas of wet adhesive as they pass.Conveyor belts 2i are driven from the roller II. In order to prevent theweb frorn'becoming scorched when its movement is halted for any reason,suitable mechanism is provided to remove the plate upon the halting ofthe moving parts, including the rolls [0 and II.

In the present instance, the plate 29 is supported by means of an arm 22pivotally mounted on a shaft 23 and supported by linkwork in: cluding alink 24, a bell crank 24a mounted on a shaft 24b and a link No. The link240 is connected to a sleeve 25 which slides on a shaft 26. The shaft isnormally rotated by means of gearing (not shown) operated from a belt 21extending over a roll 28, driven, in the present instance, by means ofthe conveyor belt 2 I. The sleeve 25 is carried on a sleeve 29 of acentrifugal toggle mechanism 30, the other end of which is secured tothe shaft at 3|. Whenever the roll H, and consequently the shaft 26, isoperating the centrifugal toggle mechanism acts to draw the sleeve "tothe right, causing the linkwork to swing into the position shown by fulllines so as to hold the plate 20 in its operative which is slidablykeyed to the shaft 26 and carries one end lines, and to move the plateaway from the web.

Stripes of wet adhesive are applied transversely to the web by-means ofan intermittently operated glue roll 33 supplied with a wet adhesive, asfrom a glue trough 34. There may be an intermediate roller, 34a, similarin function to roller lla. Desirably, the roll 33 is dropped upon theweb, lifted momentarily, and dropped again, to provide stripes 35 and38, and then is moved upwardly to receive glue before the application oftwo similar stripes. To effect this operation, I any well known orsuitable mechanism, including a cam or other means to effect suchmovement, may be utilized. As mentioned before, the wet stripes 35 and33 may be dried if it is so desired. The web is out into sheets as bymeans of a rotary cutter 31, which is timed to cut the sheets betweeneach pair of stripes 35 and 36.

Each sheet 33, after it is cut, is carried by a high-speed conveyor 38aover folding rollers 39, under a form which, in the present instance,consists of a plunger 40 operated in synchronism with the other elementsby any well known or suitable mechanism. Stop means 40a is provided toassure proper alignment of the sheet. Wires 40b may be stretched abovethe sheet to hold it against the conveyor. The plunger serves to pressthe sheet between the rolls 39 so as to fold the side portions of thesheets upwardly to provide the 'sides of the bag. The plunger thencarries the folded sheet between additional folding members 4i and 42,which move successively against the plunger 'and fold inwardly first theun'glued, c'ut edges of the sheet and then the glued edges; so thatthe'wet stripes 35 and 36 overlap the other edge portion. of the sheet.The tabs arethen turned up and these and the overlapping edge portionssealed, as by a pair of suitably heated Irgolls 43 and 44 past which theplunger moves the It is to be noted that the upper portion of theplunger is recessed so that the stripes of dried gluelB and is do notcontact the plunger. Thus,

danger of thebag sticking to the plunger, or of.

removing adhesive later needed for the sealing of the bag, is avoided.The plunger is desirably recessed about its entire periphery, as shown,but may be. recessed merely at the sides along which the rolls 43 and 44move. The plunger projects the bag, as indicated at 45, into a carton 48on a. carton holder 41, and the plunger is thereupon drawn upwardly.Stripper fingers 48 are provided to prevent the withdrawal of the bagwith the plunger, and the plunger is preferably formedhollow with anopening to the atmosphere to prevent a differential in air pressurebeing set up. The stripper fingers comprise the ends of a coil spring48a wound about a shaft The lined carton may be transferred to acontinuous conveyor 49 by a suitable mechanism such as a pusher bar 50and rides directly from this conveyor to any desired position or to someother conveyor.

A variety of types of adhesive materials may is desirable to use boththe glue rolls l5 and I6 since, when dry, the adhesive unites morereadily with itself than with the waxed paper.

As above indicated, the exemplified method and apparatus may be modifiedin a variety of .ways, a few of which are hereinafter exemplified.

In certain instances, the plunger itself may be heated, one form ofheated plunger being exemplified at 84 in Fig. 4. When the plunger isheated, cold rolls 85 may be utilized. It may be noted in thisconnection that, where adhe-. sives which do not require the use of heatare utilized, heated members may, of course, be dis-.

pensed with.

In order to assist in the visualization of the steps hereinbeforedescribed, various stages in the formation of the package-areexemplified in Fig. 5. Asheet, ready to be formed into a bag, is shownat a; at b, the sides of the bag are shown bent up; at c, the edges ofone side are shown bent inwardly; at d, the edges of the other side areso shown; at e, the tabs are shown folded up and the overlappingportions sealed; at f, the'bag is shown inserted in a carton.

When it is later desired to change the bag to a package, stripes l8andl9 may be pressed together, with or without heat; and without a solventor other reactivating agent.

In Figs. ,6, 7 and 8' there is exemplified a method and apparatus forforming bags by a diiferent type of shaping operation. Trans-'v'erse'stripes of adhesive may be applied to a web H0 by means of a rollH l operating similarly to the roll 33, except that a single stripeinstead of a double stripe is applied. These stripes areshown at llla inFig. 8. The roll I l I extends substantially across the entire width ofthe web. The web is drawn from a roll H2 under the roll ill and over ahot plate H3 by means of rolls H4 and H5. The hot plate H3 is preferablysupported so that it will move away from the web if the motion of theweb is stopped for any reason. A mechanism similar to that shownv inconnection with the plate 20 may be used for this purpose. Adhesive isthen applied to one edge of the web bymeans of a roll H6, similar to therolls IE, to provide a stripe 6a, and transverse stripes of adhesive,just forwardly of the stripes laid down by the roll III, are applied byan intermittently operable roll H1, which is similar to the roll ill,except that it is recessed throughout a portion of its length, asindioatedat H8, so as to lay down a broken stripe of adhesive llla.(Fig. 8). The web is carried by a conveyor 9 under the rolls I I6 and II! and past a cutter member I20, which cuts the web into sheets l2l(Fig. 8). A highspeed conveyor l22 carries each sheet over folding'rolls I23 and in the path of movement of a form. In the presentinstance, this is one of a series of forms I24 carried on an endlessconveyor I25. The sheet l2l moves over the rolls I23 with the stripe ofdry adhesive Illa at the forward edge of the sheet, and each form isrecessed as indicated at l 26, so that the form will not contact thestripe. Each form carries a stop plate I23 at its inner end. As eachform moves between the rolls I23, the ends of the sheet are foldedupwardly about the form, and as the form moves downwardly, these endsare held in folded position by plates I21, I28, I29 and I3II. In orderto bend down the unglued, upper end of the sheet, there is provided areciprocating roll I3I carried on arms I32 from a suitably operatedshaft I33. The roll I3I moves inwardly between the plates I28 and I30and moves the unglued, upper end of the sheet against the top of theform and then moves rapidly away from the form. Slightly below the rollI3I (Fig. '7) there is provided a similarly operated roll I34 carried onarms I36 from a shaft I36 having a similarly reciprocal action impartedthereto. The roll I34 acts to fold over the glued, upper end of thesheet into overlapping relationship with the unglued upper end of thesheet, and to seal it thereagainst. Desirably, in most instances, theroll I34 will be a heated roll. It is to be noted that the forms I24 areof such size that, when the sheet is against the stop plate I23, theedge thereof carrying the broken stripe of adhesive H10. projects beyondthe outer end of the form. In order to fold this edge inwardly and toseal the bottom of the bag, there are provided side folding plates I31and I38 adapted to act successively to fold in the unglued portion ofthe edge and to fold a portion of the edge which carries adhesive stripe111 into overlapping relationship-therewith. The plates I31 and I33 arecarried, respectively, on shafts I39 and I40, to which a properly timed,reciprocal action is imparted by any well known or suitable mechanism.The upstanding tabs on the bottom of the bag are thereupon closed. Toeffect this action, there is provided a plate I44 having an upturned endI for bending over the forward tab, and an arm I42 carried on a rotatingshaft I43 for bending forward the rearward tab at a time such that italso will move under the plate I44. Desirably. there is provided aheated plate I45 which may be part of, or independent of, the plate I44for the purpose of sealing the tabs and the overlapping portions at thebottom of the bag. The bag so formed may be removed and inserted into acarton manually or by suitable mechanism, or a carton may be formedaround the bag on the form I24 as it continues in its course in a mannerwell known in the art, and lined carton suitably removed. The bags orlined cartons thus formed may be filled and sealed, as by pressingtogether certain portions of the dry adhesive'along' I I la.

It may be noted in this connection that the expression top of the bag asused herein indicates the end of the bag which is open after the bag isformed, regardless of the position of the bag at any particular stage inthe operation.

In Fig. 8, m illustrates the sheet I21. ready for folding. The sheet isshown after the action of the roll I23 at n, of the roll I3I at o, ofthe roll I34 at p, of the plate I31 "at q, of the plate I 33 at r, andof the plate I44 at s. The finished bag,

after the final action of the arm I42, the plate I44 and the plate I46,is shown at t.

There are certain difficulties attendant upon apparatus which appliesthe type of adhesive described in my copendingapplication and referredto above. Whenever rollers, which have this adhesive on them, stand foreven a short length of time in the air, a crust of dry adhesive forms onthem. It has been found preferable to use .trough 2 I 1 and immediatelybut a single roller to transfer the adhesive from the source of supplyto the web. This arrangement is shown in Fig. 9 in which rollers 2IIIand 2H draw a web 2I2 from a roll 2I3 over Idlers or otherwise formed inthe metallic surface of roller 2I'5. The design formed by areas 260 isthe same as the desired design of the adhesive on each sheet to be' cutoff from the web. For

example, collar portions 260 supply a continuous or almost continuouslaterally extending stripe of adhesive along the edges of the web. Apair of axially extending areas 2" provide pairs of adhesive areas onthe web extending at least in part transversely of the web (see Fig.10).

If it is desired, a pressing roller 262 may press the web 2I2 againstthe adhesive-applying roller 2 I 5. The pressing roller may haveprotuberances which register with the adhesive-filled depressions ofroller 2I5, at the point of contact with the web, the rollers beingpositioned about their respective axes and being geared to assure thisregistry.

Various idling rollers 264 and 266 guide the web, after it has receivedthe adhesive, to the drying plate 220, which is similar to plate 20described above and similarly operated. Rollers so positioned that thatweb surface having the fresh,.undried adhesive must press against theroller surface, may be provided with depressions which register with theareas of undried adhesive as the web passes over these rollers.Thelastmentioned rollers may be geared so that the pattern of theadhesive on the web and of the depressions are in registry. Successivesheets may be cut oiffrom the web by means of a rotary cutter 231.

Sheets cut off from a web, like the one shown in Fig. 10, may besupplied to any suitable bagforming mechanism, for example, thebag-forming mechanism in Fig. 1. In those cases where the transversestripes extend only partly across the web, the elements which press thesheets around the form may be heated to assist in attaching the dryadhesive to some other portion of the sheet which does not have thespecial dry adhesive thereon.'

Figs. 12-15 show a modification of the apparatus, which modificationapplies and dries adhesive on both surfaces of a web. Such a web isshown in Fig. 16. A single unit or sheet cut from that web is shown, inFig. 18, in successive formations as it is folded into a bag, the firstchange in shape being shown on a somewhat larger scale in Fig. 1'1.

The machine shown in Fig. 12 has, in addition to the elements shown inFig. 9, an adhesive container 3" through which the surface of anadhesive-applying roller 3IIi passes. A scraper 3I6 removes the excessadhesive. Roller 3I5 carries the liquid adhesive from the container toof the web. This distance may be substantially equal to the depth of thebags to be made. Stripes 268 may extend from the other edge-such adistance that their ends are in registry with a portion of the stripes235236 on the opposite surface of the web.

After leaving the second adhesive-applying roller, the web is subjectedto the action of a second drying plate 320 which is similar in itsaction to the drying plate shown in Fig. 1. The mechanical linkageswhich operate plate may operate plate 320.

A cutter 231. separates the-advancing web into sheets by cuttingtransversely of the web and between the adjacent stripes 235 and 236 andcentrally along stripes 268 or between stripes 268 if they are appliedas slightly separated'pairs.

Each sheet, after it is cut, is carried by a high speed conveyor 38a.over folding rollers 39 under a form which, in the present instance,consists of a plunger 40 operated in synchronism with the elements byany known or suitable mechanism. The plunger serves to press thesheetbetween the rolls 39 so as to fold the side portions of the sheetsupwardly to provide what may be called the sides 13 and I2 of the bag.Positioned adjacent the path of the plunger and beyond the rolls 39 areadditional folding members 210. The latter may be small rollers, each ofwhich bend up portions It, 18, and 80 of the sheet against oneof theother two vertical walls of the plungerv so as to provide the bottom ofwhat may be called the end or seamed sides of the bag. As will be seenfrom Fig. 17, each long stripe 268, originally on the underside of thesheet, now extends downwardly on the outside and along the edge of oneside wall 10, horizontally inward and along the upper edge of the fold18 (which is flat against and parallel to side 13), horizontally alongthe upper edge of the outside surface of the lower part 14 of the sideto be seamed, and finally horizontally outward along the upper edge ofthe fold 80 (which is flat against side 12) as is shown in Fig. 17 andat bin Fig. 18. I

The plunger next carries the folded sheet between additional folding.members 4| and 42, which move successively against the plunger and foldinwardly the right and left hand parts 82 i and 84 of the upstandingside portion of the sheet,

which side portion has stripes 268 on the outside (see Fig. 18, c) ,andthen the right and left hand parts 36 and 88 of the upstanding sideportion of the sheet which has stripes 235 and 236 on the inside (see'Fig. 18, d). Members 4| and 42 may be heated, although it is notnecessary when the special dry adhesive is pressed against another.

area which has the same type of adhesive thereon.

This causes those horizontal length of stripe 288 at the top'edges' offlaps 18 and 80 to fold onto the horizontal length of stripe 288 at thetop of 14. Stripe 235 overlies one stripe 283 and stripe 238 overliesthe other stripe 288. Parts 32 and 88 form one seemed side of the bag.Parts 34 and 38 form the other seamed part of the bag. Pressure, with orwithout heat, by members 4| and 42,

- at the seam, with the lower surface new and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

causes all these overlying stripes to hold the bag in folded condition.All of the seams are firm and moisture-proof. At any time after filling,the bag may be sealed by pressing together, while dry, the top edges ofthe bag so that, for example, stripes 2l8 and 2| 9 are in contact.

If it is desired, the transverse, stripes of adhesive may extendsubstantially across the web. If

copending application is used, for the complete cross or transversestripes, it is not necessary that the bag-forming operations take placeimmediately before the adhesive dries, nor is it necessary to reactivatethe dry adhesive before pressing one part of a stripe against'anotherpart of the same or some other stripe. After any convenient time and atany convenient place, the web may be severed and the bags formed bypressing the dry adhesive in one position on a sheet against other dryadhesive in another properly chosen position on the same sheet. Addedheat or reactivating agents are unnecessary. The material of the web mayhave originally been surfaced on one or both sides with material to givea smooth, glossy surface, e. g., wax. The seam up the side of the bagmay be any form of overlapping; such, for example, as a union of twoadjacent margins in the nature of a suture. Should the transversedimension of the web be too small to give a deep enough bag, theseparate sheets from the web may be caused to enter the bag-formingmechanism so oriented relatively thereto that stripes which'werelongitudinal 'of the web are positioned at the side of the bag, andstripes which were transversemay be used, after the bag is filled, toseal the top of the bag.

Fig. 19 shows a web with adhesive applied as just described withlongitudinal stripes 318 and '3l9, and transverse stripes 335 and- 336.The

same figure shows the, various steps in the folding of a sheet, fromsuch a web, into a bag with a suture-like seam. The folding members 4|and 42, instead of folding successively, push in simultaneously to bindthe material of the bag into a suture edge, as clearly shown in theformation steps a, b, cud, e and I. When two L.-shaped elements arejoined together with the outside surfaces of the two shorter arms of theelements in contact with each other, the'seam thus formed is termed asuture. The word "suture in this specification and these claims refersto such a seam. In a suture, those surfaces of two joined elements;whichform a substantially continuous surface in the compound product,are the surfaces which are in contact. Thus, if the two elements are ingeneral horizontal, no part of the upper surface of one element is incontact, of the other element.

Since certain changes in carrying out the above process and in theconstructions set forth which embody theinventionmay be made withoutdeparting from its scope, it is intended that all matter contained in'the'above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall beinterpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended tocover all the generic and specific features of the invention hereindescribed, and all statements of the scope of the invention -which. asa. matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween. I Havingdescribed my invention, what I claim as .the adhesive described in myabove-mentioned,

1. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply transverse stripes ofadhesive to a web, means to dry said adhesive, means to separate the webinto sheets along lines with said transverse stripes of adhesive oneither side thereof, means' to wrap said sheet into contact with a formwith said transverse stripes juxtaposed to other edge portions of saidsheet to form a seam leading toward the open end of the bag to beformed, and means to press the portions carrying said transverse stripesagainst said other portions to provide a seal.

.2. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply stripes of a wetadhesive to the edges-of a web, means to apply transverse stripes ofadhesive to the web, means to dry said adhesive, means to separate theweb into sheets along lines with transverse stripes of adhesive oneither side thereof, means adapted for maintaining said adhesive in drycondition, means to wrap said sheet around a form with said transversestripes contacting other edge. portions of said sheet while said stripesare still dry, and means to press the portions carrying said transversestripes against said otherportion to provide a seal.

3. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply stripes of wetadhesive to the edges of the web, means to dry said adhesive, means toapply transverse stripes of adhesive to the web after thefirst-mentioned stripes have been dried, means to separate the web intosheets along the lines with transverse stripes of adhesive on eitherside thereof, means to shape said sheets so that said transverse stripescontact other portions of said sheet, and means to press the portionscarrying said transverse stripesagainst said other portions to provide aseal.

4. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply a wet adhesive instripe form at a suitable position on a web, means to apply wet adhesivein stripe form at another position on the web, means to dry at leastpart of the applied adhesive, means to separate the web into sheets, aform, means to wrap a sheet around said form so that certain portions ofsaid sheets contact each other and so thatvat least some of saidcontacting portions have said dried adhesive thereon in dry conditionand so that certain other portions having said dried adhesive thereonare not in contact with each other and are in such a position relativeto each other that they may later be placed in contact with each other,and means to seal said some portions.

5. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply a wet adhesive instripe form at a suitable position on a web, means to apply wet adhesivein stripe form at another position on the web, means to dry at leastpart of the applied adhesive, means to separate the web into sheets, aform, means to p a sheet around said form so that certain portions ofsaid sheet overlap and so that at least some of said overlappingportions have said dried adhesive thereon in dry condition and so thatcertain other portions having said dried adhesive thereon are not incontact with each other and are in such a position relative to eachother that they may later be placed in contact with each other,

and means to seal said some overlapping portions, and so that saidlast-mentioned portions of said dry adhesive lie along the side seamsofthe bag as wrapped around said form.

6. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply wet adhesive instripe form at a suitable position on a sheet, means to apphr wetadhesive in stripe form at another position on said sheet,

means to dry at least part of the applied adhesive, means to wrap saidsheet around a form so that certain portions of said sheet overlap andso that at least some of said overlapping portions have said driedadhesive thereon and so that certain other portions having said driedadhesive thereon are not in contact with each other and are in such aposition relative to each other that they I may later be placed incontact with each other, and means to seal said overlapping portionswith- .out moistening the same.

'7. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply wet adhesive instripe form at a suitable position on a sheet, means to apply wetadhesive in stripe form at another position on said sheet, means to drysaid adhesive, means to fold said sheet into bag form so that certainportions of said adhesive remain exposed at the top of said bag and sothat certain portions of said sheet overlap and so that at least some ofsaid overlapping portions have said dried adhesive thereon, and means toseal said overlapping portions without moistening the same.

8. Bag-forming apparatus comprising mechanical means adapted forapplying astripe of dry adhesive longitudinally of a web, mechanicalmeans adapted for -applying adhesive onto said web in transversestripes, mechanical means adapted for then separating said web intosheets, and mechanical means adapted for then forming said sheets intobags with said last-mentioned stripes along and holding the seamstogether and with said stripe of dry adhesive so placed that after thebag has been filled the said stripe of dry adhesive may be availed of toseal the bag into a package.

9. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means adapted for applying adhesiveto one surface of a web, means adapted for drying said adhesive, meansadapted for applying adhesive to the other surface of said webafter'said first adhesive is dry, means adapted for separating said webinto sheets, and means adapted for forming said sheets into bagssecured'by said adhesive.

10. The method of forming a bag comprising applying spaced longitudinalstripes of adhesive to one surface of a web, applying stripes on eachsurface of said web and transversely to said web, I

separating said web into sheets, folding each of said sheets into a bagwith said longitudinal spaced stripes along the top.

11. The method of forming bags which comprises providing a stripe of dryadhesive on at least one side of a web, applying adhesive on said web intransverse stripes, drying said adhesive,

transversely separating the web into sheets along lines-with adhesive oneither side of said lines of separation, forming each sheet into bagshape with the two, opposite, side edges of the web at the top of eachrespective bag and sealing the edges adjacent said lines of separation.

12. The method of forming bags comprising applying to a web adhesive intransverse stripes, said stripes extending at least part way across saidweb, drying said adhesive, transversely separating the web into sheetsalong lines of separation having portions of said adhesive on eitherside.

oi said lines, forming each sheet into a bag with the'side edges of theweb at the top of the bag, and sealing the edges adjacent said lines bythe application of heat.

13. The method of forming bags comprising applying to a web adhesive intransverse stripes, said stripes extending at least part way across saidweb, drying saidadheslve, transversely separating the web into sheetsalong lines of separation having portions of said adhesive on either atthe inside and with the portions carrying adhesive applied by the secondapplying means overlapping other surfaces of the sheet, and means toseal the overlapping portions, said form being recessed at the endadjacent the top of the bag to prevent contact of said dry adhesivewith' said form at least at points over which said sealing means act;

15. Bag-forming apparatus comprising a form adapted-to receivethereagainst material which is to be formed into a bag and which hasadhesive on at least a part thereof, pressure means positioned to beresisted by said form and adapted for sealing said material to itself,said form havmeans to wrap a sheet around saidform and to cause edgeportions of the sheet to overlap, sealing means, means to cause relativemovement of the sealing means and said form to bring the sealing meansagainst said overlapping edge portions to seal the same, said form beingrecessed at one end where said sealing means would press said sheetagainst said formwere said form not recessed, to prevent contact of partof the inner surface of the wrapped sheet with the form when the outersurface thereof is in contact with said sealing means, and means tocause said operations to be repeated to wrap and seal other sheets onsaid form after the removal of each bag formed thereon.

17. Bag-forming apparatus comprising a plunger, means to deliver sheetsin the path of movement of the plunger, means to fold the ends of eachsheet upwardly over the plunger, means to overlap the lateral edgeportions of the said ends of the sheet, and means to seal theoverlapping portions, said plunger being recessed at its rearward end ona line forwardly of the rear edges of the sheet at least at the pointsat which said sealing means act.

18. Bag-forming apparatus comprising an endless conveyor, an endlessseries of forms projecting radially from said conveyor, each form beingrecessed at its inner end, means to move individual sheets into the pathof movement of individual forms with an end of the sheet extending pastthe recessed portion of the form, and means to wrap each sheet around aform and to seal the overla ping edge portions, and means tolast-mentioned adhesive carrying means, means for operating thewebcarrying means, means for applying a'wet adhesive to portions of theweb while it is moved by the web-carrying means, a hot plate beyondtheapplying means for drying the adhesive, means for moving the hot plateout of position when the movement of the web-carrying means is halted,means to separate the web into sheets, and means to form a bag out ofeach sheet.

20. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply stripes of a wetadhesive to the. edges of a web, means to dry said adhesive, means'toapply transverse stripes of adhesive to the web, means to separate theweb into sheets along lines with transverse stripes of adhesive oneither side thereof, means to wrap said sheet into bag shape and aroundav form and with said transverse stripes overlapping other edge portionsof said sheet, and means to press the portions carrying said transversestripes against said other portions to provide a'seal, said wrapping andpressing means being adapted to form open bags without utilizing thefirst-mentioned adhesive.

21. Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply stripes of a wetadhesive to at least one edge of the web, means to dry said adhesive,means to apply transverse stripes of adhesive to the web, means toseparate the web into sheets along lines with transverse stripes ofadhesive on either side thereof, a plunger, means to move each sheet inthe path of the plunger, folding means in the path of movement of theplunger, means to turn the edge portions, of the sheet and havingthereon said transverse stripes, inwardly to cause them during thecontinued movement of the plunger to overlap and become the side seamsof-the bag to be formed, and a pair of sealing members beyond thelast-mentioned means in the path of move ment of. the plunger arrangedto turn up the tabs and to seal the overlapping edge portions of the 22.Bag-forming apparatus comprising means to apply stripes of adhesive to aweb, means to dry the stripes, means to apply other stripes of adhesiveon the web, means to separate the web into sheets with the stripeof'dried adhesive at one edge thereof, and the other stripes at certainother edge portions, a continuously moving series of forms, means toproject each sheet adjacent one of said forms with said stripe of dryadhesive forwardly, means to wrap the sheet about said form with an edgeportion of the sheet carrying the latterly applied adhesive overlappinganother edge portion of the sheet, means to seal said overlapping edgeportions, means to form and seal the end of a bag opposite the endcarrying said stripe of dried adhesive, means adapted to prevent themeans for sealing the overlapping portions from contacting the sheetwith the form along the surface carrying said dry adhesive, saidlast-mentioned means including a recess in said form.

23. The method of forming packages, which comprises -pr ovidinga stripeof dry adhesive on one surface adjacent one edge of a sheet, adhesivebeing provided elsewhere on the sheet for use in the formation of a bagfrom the sheet but not on the opposite surface adjacent said edge,forming the sheet into abag with said stripe of dry adhesive on theinside of, and along, the top of the bag, whereby said stripe is in aposition for finally. sealing the top of said has without the reactivat-

